What does it mean to be performative?

1 : being or relating to an expression that serves to effect a transaction or that constitutes the performance of the specified act by virtue of its utterance a performative verb such as promise — compare constative. 2 : relating to or marked by public, often artistic performance …

What is performative behavior?

Performative behavior is an action taken specifically with an audience in mind, to elicit a response or reaction. Digital Ethnography encounters this on a daily basis, as we study behavior on social & digital networks where performative behavior is rampant.

Is performative a real word?

noun. A performative verb, sentence, or utterance. 'Performative utterances, or performatives, are not true or false and actually perform the action to which they refer. '

What does Constative mean?

1 : of, relating to, or being a verbal form that expresses past completed action — compare performative sense 1. 2 : being or relating to an utterance (such as an assertion, question, or command) that is capable of being judged true or false.

What is performative utterance and examples?

Examples (mainly of explicit performative utterances) "I now pronounce you married" – used in the course of a marriage ceremony. "I order you to go", "Go—that's an order" "Yes" – answering the question "Do you promise to do the dishes?" "You are under arrest" – used in putting someone under arrest. "I christen you"

What is the difference between constative and performative utterances?

In the context of Austin's theory of speech acts "performative" was applied to those utterances which are used to perform an act instead of describing it. Performative utterances thus stand in opposition to constative utterances, which are statements of facts.

What is Perlocutionary Act example?

A perlocutionary act (or perlocutionary effect) is the effect of an utterance on an interlocutor. Examples of perlocutionary acts include persuading, convincing, scaring, enlightening, inspiring, or otherwise affecting the interlocutor.

What is performative hypothesis?

The performative hypothesis is the hypothesis (proposed in Ross 1970), that every sentence is associated with an explicit illocutionary act, i.e. is derived from a deep structure containing a performative verb.

What is performative function of language?

'Performative language' considers issues concerning the meaning and effects of language, identity and the nature of the subject. ... The performative brings to centre stage an active, world-making use of language, which resembles literary language — and helps us to conceive of literature as act or event.

What is performative communication?

Performativity is the concept that language can function as a form of social action and have the effect of change. ... Common examples of performative language are making promises, betting, performing a wedding ceremony, an umpire calling a strike, or a judge pronouncing a verdict.

What is performative culture?

In particular, performative theory analyzes practices, rather than representations of the subject in culture, whereby the active and constantly changing construction of reality is essential. The idea is that culture does not consist of representations, but presentations as productive practices.

What is a performative gesture?

Performative gestures are performer's pre-conceived movements or held positions with a clear design in space and time, which can support, convey, or facilitate the communication of musical messages from the performance space to the audience.

What is performative feminism?

While first-wave feminism focused on achieving legal rights for women, such as voting rights and the right to participate in leadership positions; Second-wave feminism which began during the 1960s rallied around women's experiences including family, work, sexuality etc. ...

What is performative empathy?

Performative empathy is a reactionary response to injustice that uses heart pulling words to garner credit and understanding for people with privilege who do very little to guarantee change.

What does gender performativity mean?

Performativity of gender is a stylized repetition of acts, an imitation or miming of the dominant conventions of gender. Butler argues that “the act that one does, the act that one performs is, in a sense, an act that's been going on before one arrived on the scene” (Gender Trouble).

What gender is Judith Butler?

Butler is a lesbian, says they are legally non-binary, and goes by she or they pronouns.

What did Judith Butler say about gender?

Gender, according to Butler, is by no means tied to material bodily facts but is solely and completely a social construction, a fiction, one that, therefore, is open to change and contestation: "Because there is neither an 'essence' that gender expresses or externalizes nor an objective ideal to which gender aspires; ...

Is gender fluid a gender?

Someone who is fluid -- also called gender fluid -- is a person whose gender identity (the gender they identify with most) is not fixed. It can change over time or from day-to-day. Fluid is a form of gender identity or gender expression, rather than a sexual orientation.

Why is Judith Butler important?

Judith Butler, in full Judith Pamela Butler, (born Febru, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.), American academic whose theories of the performative nature of gender and sex were influential within Francocentric philosophy, cultural theory, queer theory, and some schools of philosophical feminism from the late 20th ...

Where does Judith Butler work?

Judith Butler is Maxine Elliot Professor in the Department of Comparative Literature and the Program of Critical Theory at the University of California, Berkeley. She received her Ph.

Who influenced Judith Butler?

D. in philosophy. With Gender Trouble, published when she was 33, Butler began articulating a theory of gender that fit into the Continental tradition she'd studied. The book drew on Foucault, Freud, Lévi-Strauss, Lacan, Irigaray, Wittig, Kristeva, and de Beauvoir.

Why do bodies matter Judith Butler?

Book Description In Bodies That Matter, renowned theorist and philosopher Judith Butler argues that theories of gender need to return to the most material dimension of sex and sexuality: the body. ... Butler argues that power operates to constrain sex from the start, delimiting what counts as a viable sex.

When did Judith Butler write Gender Trouble?

Gender Trouble
Cover of the first edition
Author Judith Butler
Subjects Feminism, Queer theory
Publisher Routledge
Publication date 1990

Cover of the first edition
Author	Judith Butler
Subjects	Feminism, Queer theory
Publisher	Routledge
Publication date	1990

Is Judith Butler a postmodernist?

Her argument implies that women's subordination has no single cause or single solution; postmodern feminism is thus criticized for offering no clear path to action. Butler herself rejects the term "postmodernism" as too vague to be meaningful.

Can gender be undone?

Based on these theoretical models there are at least two ways in which gender can be undone. Firstly, it can be undone by not referring to or ignoring the gender binary (Hirschauer, 1994, 2001). Secondly, the gender binary itself can be destabilized and thereby come undone (Butler, 1990, 2004).

What does gender theory mean?

Gender theory is the study of what is understood as masculine and/or feminine and/or queer behavior in any given context, community, society, or field of study (including, but not limited to, literature, history, sociology, education, applied linguistics, religion, health sciences, philosophy, cultural studies).

What does it mean to be performative?